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Chondrites, the building blocks of the terrestrial planets, have mass andatomic proportions of oxygen, iron, magnesium, and silicon totaling $\geq$90\%and variable Mg/Si ($\sim$25\%), Fe/Si (factor of $\geq$2), and Fe/O (factor of$\geq$3). The Earth and terrestrial planets (Mercury, Venus, and Mars) aredifferentiated into three layers: a metallic core, a silicate shell (mantle andcrust), and a volatile envelope of gases, ices, and, for the Earth, liquidwater. Each layer has different dominant elements (e.g., increasing Fe contentwith depth and increasing oxygen content to the surface). What remains anunknown is to what degree did physical processes during nebular disk accretionversus those during post-nebular disk accretion (e.g., impact erosion)influence these final bulk compositions. Here we predict terrestrial planetcompositions and show that their core mass fractions and uncompressed densitiescorrelate with their heliocentric distance, and follow a simple model of themagnetic field strength in the protoplanetary disk. Our model assesses thedistribution of iron in terms of increasing oxidation state, aerodynamics, anda decreasing magnetic field strength outward from the Sun, leading todecreasing core size of the terrestrial planets with radial distance. Thisdistribution would enhance habitability in our solar system, and would beequally applicable to exo-planetary systems.

Accretion disk's magnetic field controlled the composition of the terrestrial planets