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Dual-functional radar-communication (DFRC) is a promising new solution tosimultaneously probe the radar target and transmit information in wirelessnetworks. In this paper, we study the joint optimization of transmit andreceive beamforming for the DFRC system. Specifically, the signal tointerference plus noise ratio (SINR) of the radar is maximized under the SINRconstraints of the communication user (CU), which characterizes the optimaltradeoff between radar and communication. In addition to simply using thecommunication signal for target probing, we further consider to exploitdedicated probing signals to enhance the radar sensing performance. We commenceby studying the single-CU scenario, where a closed-form solution to thebeamforming design problem is provided. It is then proved that a dedicatedradar probing signal is not needed. As a further step, we consider a morecomplicated multi-CU scenario, where the beamforming design is formulated as anon-convex quadratically constrained quadratic programming. The optimalsolutions are obtained by applying semidefinite relaxation with guaranteedrank-1 property. It is shown that under the multi-CU scenario, the dedicatedprobing signal should be employed to improve the radar performance at the costof implementing an additional interference cancellation at the CU. Finally, thenumerical simulations are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposedalgorithm.

Composite Signalling for DFRC: Dedicated Probing Signal or Not?