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Information visualization applications have become ubiquitous, in no smallpart thanks to the ease of wide distribution and deployment to users enabled bythe web browser. Scientific visualization applications, relying on native codelibraries and parallel processing, have been less suited to such widespreaddistribution, as browsers do not provide the required libraries or computecapabilities. In this paper, we revisit this gap in visualization technologiesand explore how new web technologies, WebAssembly and WebGPU, can be used todeploy powerful visualization solutions for large-scale scientific data in thebrowser. In particular, we evaluate the programming effort required to bringscientific visualization applications to the browser through these technologiesand assess their competitiveness against classic native solutions. As a mainexample, we present a new GPU-driven isosurface extraction method forblock-compressed data sets, that is suitable for interactive isosurfacecomputation on large volumes in resource-constrained environments, such as thebrowser. We conclude that web browsers are on the verge of becoming acompetitive platform for even the most demanding scientific visualizationtasks, such as interactive visualization of isosurfaces from a 1TB DNSsimulation. We call on researchers and developers to consider investing in acommunity software stack to ease use of these upcoming browser features tobring accessible scientific visualization to the browser.

Interactive Visualization of Terascale Data in the Browser: Fact or Fiction?