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Earbuds are subjected to constant use and scenarios that may degrade soundquality. Indeed, a common fate of earbuds is being forgotten in pockets andfaced with a laundry cycle (LC). Manufacturers' accounts of the extent to whichLCs affect earbud sound quality are vague at best, leaving users to their owndevices in assessing the damage caused. This paper offers a systematic,empirical approach to measure the effects of laundering earbuds on soundquality. Three earbud pairs were subjected to LCs spaced 24 hours apart. Aftereach LC, a professional microphone as well as a mid-market smartphone were usedto record i) a test tone ii) a frequency sweep and iii) a music signal playedthrough the earbuds. We deployed mixed effects models and found significantdegradation in terms of RMS noise loudness, Total Harmonic Distortion (THD), aswell as measures of change in the frequency responses of the earbuds. Alltransducers showed degradation already after the first cycle, and notransducers produced a measurable signal after the sixth LC. The degradationeffects were detectable in both, the professional microphone as well as thesmartphone recordings. We hope that the present work is a first step inestablishing a practical, and ecologically valid method for everyday users toassess the degree of degradation of their personal earbuds.

Degradation effects of water immersion on earbud audio quality