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In many active matter systems, particle trajectories have a well-definedhandedness or chirality. Whether such chiral activity can introducestereoselective interactions between particles is not known. Here we developeda strategy to tune the nature of chiral activity of 3D-printed granularellipsoids without altering their shape or size. In vertically agitatedmonolayers of these particles, we observed two types of dimers form dependingon the chirality of the pairing monomers. Heterochiral dimers movedcollectively as a single achiral active unit, while homochiral ones formed atranslationally immobile spinner. In active racemic mixtures, the former wasmore abundant than the latter indicating stereoselectivity. Through dimerlifetime measurements, we provide compelling evidence for chiralself-recognition in mixtures of particles with different chiral activities. Wefinally show that changing only the net chirality of a dense active liquid froma racemic mixture to an enantiopure liquid fundamentally alters its nature ofcollective relaxation.

Emergent Stereoselective Interactions and Self-recognition in Polar Chiral Active Ellipsoids