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Molecular communication (MC) engineering is inspired by the use of chemicalsignals as information carriers in cell biology. The biological nature ofchemical signaling makes MC a promising methodology for interdisciplinaryapplications requiring communication between cells and other microscaledevices. However, since the life sciences and communications engineering fieldshave distinct approaches to formulating and solving research problems, themismatch between them can hinder the translation of research results and impedethe development and implementation of interdisciplinary solutions. To bridgethis gap, this survey proposes a novel communication hierarchy for MC signalingin cell biology and maps phenomena, contributions, and problems to thehierarchy. The hierarchy includes: 1) the Physical Signal Propagation level; 2)the Physical and Chemical Signal Interaction level; 3) the Signal-DataInterface level; 4) the Local Data Abstraction level; and 5) the Applicationlevel. To further demonstrate the proposed hierarchy, it is applied to casestudies on quorum sensing, neuronal signaling, and communication via DNA.Finally, several open problems are identified for each level and theintegration of multiple levels. The proposed hierarchy provides language forcommunication engineers to study and interface with biological systems, andalso helps biologists to understand how communications engineering concepts canbe exploited to interpret, control, and manipulate signaling in cell biology.

A Survey of Molecular Communication in Cell Biology: Establishing a New Hierarchy for Interdisciplinary Applications