English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

The mixing process of multiple jets of liquefied petroleum gas and air in adiffusion flame is numerically analysed. The case study considers a four-portarray burner where the fuel is injected by four peripheral nozzles and mixedwith the surrounding air. Simulations are conducted with the Reynolds-AveragedNavier-Stokes technique, and the turbulence effect is modelled with therealizable k-e model. In addition, the eddy dissipation model is implemented tocalculate the effect of the turbulent chemical reaction rate. Results show thatthe essential mixture mechanism occurs within a flame cone derived from thefuel jets interaction. However, the mixing process is driven by jets dragallowing an air/fuel smooth mixture to reach the flammability limits at twozones: one at a lower location or close to the burner surface and a secondbefore the flame front development. The entire mixing mechanism culminates withthe development of the flame necking cone. Any air concentration that fallsinto the cone radius will be entrained, contributing to the overall flamestructure. Since the cone radius reach is limited only by radial distance ofthe jet array and the nozzles distance, the flame heights, consequently, dependsolely on fuel mass flow.

Numerical Study of the Mixing Process of Unconfined Diffusion Flame in a Laminar to Transition-to-Turbulent Regime in a Four-Port Array Burner