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This article reviews the development of cathode materials for secondarylithium ion batteries since its inception with the introduction of lithiumcobalt oxide in early 1980s. The time has passed and numerous cathode materialsare designed and developed to realize not only the enhanced capacity but alsothe power density simultaneously. However, there are numerous challenges suchas the cyclic stability of cathode materials, their structural and thermalstability, higher operating voltage together with high ionic and electronicconductivity for efficient ion and charge transport during charging anddischarging. This article will cover the development of materials inchronological order classifying as the lithium ion cathode materials indifferent generations. The ternary oxides such as LiTMOx (TM=Transition Metal)are considered as the first generation materials, whereas modified ternary andquaternary oxide systems are considered as the second generation materials. Thecurrent i.e. third generation includes complex oxide systems with higherlithium content such as Li2TMSiO4 aiming for higher energy density. Further,developments are heading towards lithium metal based batteries with apossibility for very high energy densities.

Cathode Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries (LIBs): A Review on Materials related aspects towards High Energy Density LIBs