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The emergence of longer information-carrying and functional nucleotidepolymers from random short strands was a major stepping stone at the dawn oflife. But the formation of those polymers under temperature oscillationrequired some form of selection. A plausible mechanism is template-basedligation where theoretical work already suggested a reduction in informationentropy. Here, we show how nontrivial sequence patterns emerge in a system ofrandom 12mer DNA sequences subject to enzyme-based templated ligation reactionand temperature cycling. The strands acted both as a template and substrates ofthe reaction and thereby formed longer oligomers. The selection for templatingsequences leads to the development of a multiscale ligation landscape. Aposition-dependent sequence pattern emerged with a segregation into mutuallycomplementary pools of A-rich and T-rich sequences. Even without selection forfunction, the base pairing of DNA with ligation showed a dynamics resemblingDarwinian evolution.

Ligation of random oligomers leads to emergence of autocatalytic sequence network