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In a heterogeneous cellular network (HetNet) consisting of $M$ tiers ofdensely-deployed base stations (BSs), consider that each of the BSs in theHetNet that are associated with multiple users is able to simultaneouslyschedule and serve two users in a downlink time slot by performing the(power-domain) non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) scheme. This paper aims atthe preliminary study on the downlink coverage performance of the HetNet withthe \textit{non-cooperative} and the proposed \textit{cooperative} NOMAschemes. First, we study the coverage probability of the NOMA users for thenon-cooperative NOMA scheme in which no BSs are coordinated to jointly transmitthe NOMA signals for a particular cell and the coverage probabilities of thetwo NOMA users of the BSs in each tier are derived. We show that the coverageprobabilities can be largely reduced if allocated transmit powers for the NOMAusers are not satisfied with some constraints. Next, we study and derive thecoverage probabilities for the proposed cooperative NOMA scheme in which thevoid BSs that are not tagged by any users are coordinated to enhance the farNOMA user in a particular cell. Our analyses show that cooperative NOMA cansignificantly improve the coverage of all NOMA users as long as the transmitpowers for the NOMA users are properly allocated.

Coverage Analysis for Dense Heterogeneous Networks with Cooperative NOMA