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This paper examines the concept of change in conceptual modeling. Change isinherent in the nature of things and has increasingly become a focus of muchinterest and investigation. Change can be modeled as a transition between twostates of a finite state machine (FSM). This change represents an exploratorystarting point in this paper. Accordingly, a sample FSM that models a car stransmission system is re-expressed in terms of a new modeling methodologycalled thinging machine (TM) modeling. Recasting the car-transmission modelinvolves developing (1) an S model that captures the static aspects, (2) a Dmodel that identifies states, and (3) a B model that specifies the behavior.The analysis progresses as follows. - S represents an atemporal diagrammaticdescription that embeds underlying compositions (static changes) from which theroots of system behavior can be traced. - S is broken down into multiplesubsystems that correspond to static states (ordered constitutive components).- Introducing time into static states converts these states into events, andthe behavior (B) model is constructed based on the chronology of these events.The analysis shows that FSM states are static (atemporal) changes thatintroduce temporal events as carriers of behavior. This result enhances thesemantics of the concepts of change, states, and events in modeling and showshow to specify a system s behavior through its static description.

Changes, States, and Events: The Thread from Staticity to Dynamism in the Conceptual Modeling of Systems