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This paper optimizes the scheduling and routing of the co-flows of MapReduceshuffling phase in state-of-the-art and proposed Passive Optical Networking(PON)-based Data Centre Network (DCN) architectures. A time-slotted MixedInteger Linear Programming (MILP) model is developed and used for theoptimization with the objective of minimizing either the total energyconsumption or the completion time. The DCN architectures include fourstate-of-the-art electronic switching architectures which are spine-leaf,Fat-tree, BCube, and DCell data centres. The proposed PON-based DCNarchitectures include two designs that utilize ports in Optical Line Terminal(OLT) line cards for inter and possibly intra data centre networking inaddition to passive interconnects for the intra data centre networking betweendifferent PON groups (i.e. racks) within a PON cell (i.e. number of PON groupsconnected to a single OLT port). The first design is a switch-centric designthat uses two Arrayed Waveguide Grating Routers (AWGRs) and the second is aserver-centric design. The study also considers different traffic patternsdefined according to the distribution of map and reduce tasks in the serversand data skewness.

Optimizing Co-flows Scheduling and Routing in Data Centre Networks for Big Data Applications