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Power transfer limits or transfer capability (TC) directly relate to thesystem operation and control as well as electricity markets. As a consequence,their assessment has to comply with static constraints, such as line thermallimits, and dynamic constraints, such as transient stability limits, voltagestability limits and small-signal stability limits. Since the load dynamicshave substantial impacts on power system transient stability, load models areone critical factor that affects the power transfer limits. Currently, multipleload models have been proposed and adopted in the industry and academia,including the ZIP model, ZIP plus induction motor composite model (ZIP + IM)and WECC composite load model (WECC CLM). Each of them has its uniqueadvantages, but their impacts on the power transfer limits are not yetadequately addressed. One existing challenge is fitting the high-ordernonlinear models such as WECC CLM. In this study, we innovatively adopt doubledeep Q-learning Network (DDQN) agent as a general load modeling tool in thedynamic assessment procedure and fit the same transient field measurements intodifferent load models. A comprehensive evaluation is then conducted to quantifythe load models' impacts on the power transfer limits. The simulationenvironment is the IEEE-39 bus system constructed in Transient SecurityAssessment Tool (TSAT).

Evaluating Load Models and Their Impacts on Power Transfer Limits