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Aircraft structures experience various kinds of loads over their entirelifetime, typically leading to fatigue and ultimately structural failure. Inorder to avoid structural failure during operation, the maximum number offlight cycles and flight hours is regulated by laws ensuring continuedairworthiness. However, since every flight impacts the aircraft differently,not all airframes are equally stressed at the time of decommissioning. Thispaper proposes a new retirement criterion based on the so-called fatigue damageindex (FDI). The criterion takes into account that aircraft are differentlyoperated and thus enables an individual decommissioning of aircraft withoutcompromising its safety. Based on aircraft sample data covering 95% of theAirbus A320 fleet over two years, the enhanced decommissioning criterion isestimated to significantly extend the average aircraft service life. The impactvaries within the fleet, depending on the experienced seat load factors, cruisealtitudes, and taxi times considered for the individual aircraft duringoperation. While seat load factors and flight altitudes significantly affectthe defined FDI, the influence of taxi times is only minor. Based on theestimated increase in aircraft service life, the paper argues that for servicelife extensions, the FDI shall be considered as the limit of validity in theregulatory framework governing the decommissioning of aircraft.

On the Potential of Extending Aircraft Service Time Using a Fatigue Damage Index