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This paper investigates a full-duplex orthogonal-frequency-division multipleaccess (OFDMA) based multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)-enabledwireless-powered Internet-of-Things (IoT) networks. In this paper, a swarm ofUAVs is first deployed in three dimensions (3D) to simultaneously charge alldevices, i.e., a downlink (DL) charging period, and then flies to new locationswithin this area to collect information from scheduled devices in severalepochs via OFDMA due to potential limited number of channels available inNarrow Band IoT, i.e., an uplink (UL) communication period. To maximize the ULthroughput of IoT devices, we jointly optimizes the UL-and-DL 3D deployment ofthe UAV swarm, including the device-UAV association, the scheduling order, andthe UL-DL time allocation. In particular, the DL energy harvesting (EH)threshold of devices and the UL signal decoding threshold of UAVs are takeninto consideration when studying the problem. Besides, both line-of-sight (LoS)and non-line-of-sight (NLoS) channel models are studied depending on theposition of sensors and UAVs. The influence of the potential limited channelsissue in NB-IoT is also considered by studying the IoT scheduling policy. Twoscheduling policies, a near-first (NF) policy and a far-first (FF) policy, arestudied. It is shown that the NF scheme outperforms FF scheme in terms of sumthroughput maximization; whereas FF scheme outperforms NF scheme in terms ofsystem fairness.

Joint Uplink-and-Downlink Optimization of 3D UAV Swarm Deployment for Wireless-Powered NB-IoT Networks