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In this paper, we derive the uplink achievable rate expression of intelligentreflecting surface (IRS)-aided millimeter-wave (mmWave) systems, taking intoaccount the phase noise at IRS and the quantization error at base stations(BSs). We show that the performance is limited only by the resolution ofanalog-digital converters (ADCs) at BSs when the number of IRS reflectors growswithout bound. On the other hand, if BSs have ideal ADCs, the performance losscaused by IRS phase noise is a constant. Finally, our results validate thefeasibility of using low-precision hardware at the IRS when BSs are equippedwith low-resolution ADCs.

Uplink Achievable Rate of Intelligent Reflecting Surface-Aided Millimeter-Wave Communications with Low-Resolution ADC and Phase Noise