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AMD's Secure Encrypted Virtualization (SEV) is an emerging security featureon AMD processors that allows virtual machines to run on encrypted memory andperform confidential computing even with an untrusted hypervisor. This paperfirst demystifies SEV's improper use of address space identifier (ASID) forcontrolling accesses of a VM to encrypted memory pages, cache lines, and TLBentries. We then present the CROSSLINE attacks, a novel class of attacksagainst SEV that allow the adversary to launch an attacker VM and change itsASID to that of the victim VM to impersonate the victim. We present twovariants of CROSSLINE attacks: CROSSLINE V1 decrypts victim's page tables ormemory blocks following the format of a page table entry; CROSSLINE V2constructs encryption and decryption oracles by executing instructions of thevictim VM. We have successfully performed CROSSLINE attacks on SEV and SEV-ESprocessors.

CROSSLINE: Breaking "Security-by-Crash" based Memory Isolation in AMD SEV