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A regular pattern, revealing the leading role of the light-fragment nuclearcharge, is found to emerge from a consistent analysis of the experimentalinformation collected recently on low-energy asymmetric fission ofneutron-deficient nuclei around lead. The observation is corroborated by atheoretical investigation within a microscopic framework, suggesting theimportance of proton configurations driven by quadrupole-octupole correlations.This is in contrast to the earlier theoretical interpretations in terms ofdominant neutron shells. The survey of a wider area of the nuclear chart by asemi-empirical approach points to the lack of understanding of the competitionbetween the different underlying macroscopic and microscopic forces in aquantitative manner. Combined with previously identified stabilizing forces,the present finding shows a striking connection between the "old" (actinide)and "new" (pre-actinide) islands of asymmetric fission which could steer thestrive for an unified theory of fission.

Evidence for the general dominance of proton shells in low-energy fission