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Electricity is one of the most crucial resources that drives any givennation's growth and development. The latest Sustainable Development Goalsreport indicates Africa still has a high deficit in electricity generation.Concentrating solar power seems to be a potential option to fill the deficit.That is because most of the components of concentrating solar power plants arereadily available on the African market at affordable prices, and there arequalified local persons to build the plants. Pilot micro-concentrating solarpower plants have been implemented in Sub-Saharan Africa and have shownpromising results that could be expanded and leveraged for large-scaleelectricity generation. An assessment of a pilot concentrating solar powerplant in the sub-region noticed one noteworthy obstacle that is the failure ofthe tracking system to reduce the operating energy cost of running the trackingcontrol system and improve the multifaceted heliostat focusing behavior. Thispaper highlights the energy situation and the current development inconcentrating solar power technology research in Africa. The paper alsopresents a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art solar tracking systemsfor central receiver systems to illustrate the current direction of researchregarding the design of low-cost tracking systems in terms of computationalcomplexity, energy consumption, and heliostat alignment accuracy.

Pilot Low-Cost Concentrating Solar Power Systems Deployment in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Case Study of Implementation Challenges