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In this paper, we propose a closed queueing network model for performanceanalysis of electric vehicle sharing systems with a certain number of chargersin each neighborhood. Depending on the demand distribution, we devisealgorithms to compute the optimal fleet size and number of chargers required tomaximize profit while maintaining a certain quality of service. We show thatthe profit is concave with respect to the fleet size and the number of chargersat each charging point. If more chargers are installed within the city, we showthat it can not only reduce the fleet size, but it also improves theavailability of vehicles at all the points within a city. We further showthrough simulation that two slow chargers may outperform one fast charger whenthe variance of charging time becomes relatively large in comparison to themean charging time.

Fleet Sizing and Charger Allocation in Electric Vehicle Sharing Systems