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Our ability to identify the sources of cosmic rays and understand how theseparticles propagate through the interstellar medium is hindered by the combinedeffects of the solar wind and its embedded magnetic field, collectively knownas solar modulation. In this paper, we build upon our previous work to modeland constrain the effects of solar modulation on the cosmic-ray spectrum, usingdata from AMS-02 and BESS Polar II collected between 2007 and 2012, duringwhich the heliospheric magnetic field was in a state of negative polarity. Ourmodel uses measurements of the heliospheric magnetic field and the tilt angleof the heliospheric current sheet to accurately predict the effects of solarmodulation as a function of time, charge, and rigidity. By incorporating datafrom a period of negative polarity, we have been able to robustly observe andconstrain the charge-dependent effects of solar modulation.

Constraining the Charge-Sign and Rigidity-Dependence of Solar Modulation