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In massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems with time shiftedpilot (TSP) schemes, the inter-group interference caused by the pilotcontamination can be eliminated when the number of base station (BS) antennas Mapproaches infinity. However, M is finite in practice and the effectiveness ofthe TSP is limited by channel estimation errors. In this paper, it isanalytically shown that the mean square channel estimation error (MSCEE) of theTSP is dominated by the intergroup data interference. To reduce the MSCEE inthe finite antenna massive MIMO systems, an interference cancellation basedchannel estimation for the TSP (IC-TSP) is proposed, where the dominantinter-group data interference is canceled based on BS cooperation. To show theadvantage of the IC-TSP, the additional overhead of IC-TSP is evaluated byconsidering different M and the coherence time of BS-BS channels. Furthermore,the impact of sectorization and compressed sensing based BS-BS channelestimation are also discussed. We show that when 128 < M < 2048, with theinter-group data interference from the nearest two cell layers being canceled,the IC-TSP achieves a spectral efficiency gain of more than 1.2 bps/Hz over theTSP.

Interference Cancellation Based Channel Estimation for Massive MIMO Systems with Time Shifted Pilots