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Membrane phase-separation is a mechanism that biological membranes often useto locally concentrate specific lipid species in order to organize diversemembrane processes. Phase separation has also been explored as a tool for thedesign of liposomes with heterogeneous and spatially organized surfaces. These"patchy" liposomes are promising platforms for delivery purposes, however theirdesign and optimization through experimentation can be expensive andtime-consuming. We developed a computationally efficient method based on thesurface Cahn-Hilliard phase-field model to complement experimentalinvestigations in the design of patchy liposomes. The method relies onthermodynamic considerations to set the initial state for numericalsimulations. We show that our computational approach delivers not onlyqualitative pictures, but also accurate quantitative information about thedynamics of the membrane organization. In particular, the computational andexperimental results are in excellent agreement in terms of raft area fraction,total raft perimeter over time and total number of rafts over time for twodifferent membrane compositions (DOPC:DPPC with a 2:1 molar ratio with 20% Choland DOPC:DPPC with a 3:1 molar ratio with 20% Chol). Thus, the computationalphase-field model informed by experiments has a considerable potential toassist in the design of liposomes with spatially organized surfaces, therebycontaining the cost and time required by the design process.

Experimental validation of a phase-field model to predict coarsening dynamics of lipid domains in multicomponent membranes