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In a scenario where there is no vaccine for COVID-19, non-pharmaceuticalinterventions are necessary to contain the spread of the virus and the collapseof the health system in the affected regions. One of these measures is socialdistancing, which aims to reduce interactions in the community by closingpublic and private establishments that involve crowds of people. The lockdownpresupposes a drastic reduction in community interactions, representing a moreextreme measure of social distancing. Based on geolocation data provided byGoogle for six categories of physical spaces, this article identifies thevariations in the circulation of people in South America for different types ofsocial distancing measures adopted during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this study,population mobility trends for a group of countries between February 15, 2020and May 16, 2020 were analyzed. To summarize these trends in a single metric, ageneral circulation index was created, and to identify regional mobilitypatterns, descriptive analyzes of spatial autocorrelation (global and localMoran index) were used. The first hypothesis of this study is that countrieswith a lockdown decree can achieve greater success in reducing the mobility ofthe population, and the second hypothesis is that Argentina, Brazil andColombia have regional mobility patterns. The first hypothesis was partiallyconfirmed (considering 10 countries in South America), and the results obtainedin the spatial analyzes confirmed the second hypothesis. In general, theobserved data shows that less rigid lockdown or social distancing measures arenecessary, however, they are not sufficient to achieve a significant reductionin the circulation of people during the pandemic.

Medidas de distanciamento social e mobilidade na Am\'erica do Sul durante a pandemia por COVID-19: Condi\c{c}\~oes necess\'arias e suficientes?