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Photodetectors based on nano-structured superconducting thin films arecurrently some of the most sensitive quantum sensors and are key enablingtechnologies in such broad areas as quantum information, quantum computationand radio-astronomy. However, their broader use is held back by the lowoperation temperatures which require expensive cryostats. Here, we demonstratea nitrogen cooled superconducting transition edge sensor, which shows orders ofmagnitude improved performance characteristics of any superconducting detectoroperated above 77K, with a responsivity of 9.61x10^4 V/W, noise equivalentpower of 15.9 fW/Hz-1/2 and operation speeds up to GHz frequencies. It is basedon van der Waals heterostructures of the high temperature superconductorBi2Sr2CaCu2O8, which are shaped into nano-wires with ultra-small form factor.To highlight the versatility of the detector we demonstrate its fabrication andoperation on a telecom grade SiN waveguide chip. Our detector significantlyrelaxes the demands of practical applications of superconducting detectors anddisplays its huge potential for photonics based quantum applications.

A liquid nitrogen cooled superconducting transition edge sensor with ultra-high responsivity and GHz operation speeds