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Prospective registration of study protocols in clinical trial registries is auseful way to minimize the risk of publication bias in meta-analysis, andseveral clinical trial registries are available nowadays. However, they aremainly used as a tool for searching studies and information submitted to theregistries has not been utilized as efficiently as it could. In addressingpublication bias in meta-analyses, sensitivity analysis with the Copasselection model is a more objective alternative to widely-used graphicalmethods such as the funnel-plot and the trim-and-fill method. Despite itsability to quantify the potential impact of publication bias, a drawback of themodel is that some parameters not to be specified. This may result in somedifficulty in interpreting the results of the sensitivity analysis. In thispaper, we propose an alternative inference procedure for the Copas selectionmodel by utilizing information from clinical trial registries. Our methodprovides a simple and accurate way to estimate all unknown parameters in theCopas selection model. A simulation study revealed that our proposed methodresulted in smaller biases and more accurate confidence intervals than existingmethods. Furthermore, two published meta-analyses had been re-analysed todemonstrate how to implement the proposed method in practice.

Using clinical trial registries to inform Copas selection model for publication bias in meta-analysis