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Human beings produce electronic waste (e-waste) at an unprecedented pace.Mobile phones and other inter-connected smart devices make a significantcontribution to the generation of e-waste. Reverse logistics (RL) activitiesplay an essential role in managing mobile phones during their end-of-life.However, remanufacturing and/or refurbishing of mobile phones might provedifficult not only from an operational point of view but also from a datamanagement and privacy perspective (due to privacy-related regulatoryframeworks like the EU General Data Protection Regulation directive). In thispaper, we propose a distributed trustless and secure framework for electronicequipment RL activities based on blockchain technology. We consider theremanufacturing/refurbishing recovery option for mobile phones, and we developan autonomous and effective back-end data sharing architecture based on smartcontracts/blockchain technology for keeping track of all theremanufacturing/refurbishing processes. For demonstrating the applicability ofour approach, we develop a functional set of smart contracts and a localprivate blockchain. The benefits of our framework are further discussed, alongwith fruitful areas for future research.

A traceability and auditing framework for electronic equipment reverse logistics based on blockchain: the case of mobile phones