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We study how dense multi-antenna millimeter wave (mmWave) cellular networkperformance scales in terms of the base station (BS) spatial density $\lambda$,by studying the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) and the areaspectral efficiency (ASE). If the number of antennas at each BS scales at leastlinearly with $\lambda$, which increases the number of possible beamconfigurations and their main-lobe gain, and decreases their side-lobe gain, weprove that the SINR approaches a finite random variable that is independent of$\lambda$ and the ASE scales at least linearly with $\lambda$. In contrast, ifthe number of antennas scales sub-linearly with $\lambda$, then the SINR decaysto zero and the ASE saturates to a constant. Thus, by moving to higher carrierfrequencies with successively smaller antennas, and exploiting thecorrespondingly increased directionality, cellular operators can in principleavoid the densification plateau (or collapse) in cellular networks and insteadcontinue to harvest linear sum throughput gains through BS densification.

Escaping the Densification Plateau in Cellular Networks Through mmWave Beamforming