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Steel sheets are manufactured from slabs produced in continuous casting,which inevitably results in a porous initial microstructure. These pores arenuclei for ductile damage and need to be closed during rolling in regard of thestrict performance requirements of todays advanced high strength steels. Due tothe beneficial shape factor of the roll gap, recrystallization and highdiffusion rates pore closure and elimination occurs primarily during hotrolling. In this paper, relevant influencing factors on pore closure areinvestigated based on representative volume elements (RVE). First, the loadregime of typical multi-pass hot rolling schedules is calculated via macroscale FEM and then applied to micro scale RVEs. Within the RVE, shape changesof a given pore are tracked and the closure ratio is calculated. This paperelucidates the effect of different roll diameters, absolute reductions perpass, pore shape and pore orientation on the closure rate. The results showthat the majority of pores can be closed during the initial hot rolling stages.However, pore closure can be accelerated through suitable process parameters.Furthermore, shape and orientation of pores should be taken into account, if aprecise knowledge of the total height reduction, leading to complete poreclosure, is desired.

Influence of process conditions and pore morphology on the closure rate of pores in hot rolling of steel