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Recent studies have confirmed a growing trend, especially among youngsters,of using Online Social Media as favourite information platform at the expenseof traditional mass media. Indeed, they can easily reach a wide audience at ahigh speed; but exactly because of this they are the preferred medium forinfluencing public opinion via so-called fake news. Moreover, there is ageneral agreement that the main vehicle of fakes news are malicious softwarerobots (bots) that automatically interact with human users. In previous work wehave considered the problem of tagging human users in Online Social Networks ascredulous users. Specifically, we have considered credulous those users withrelatively high number of bot friends when compared to total number of theirsocial friends. We consider this group of users worth of attention because theymight have a higher exposure to malicious activities and they may contribute tothe spreading of fake information by sharing dubious content. In this work,starting from a dataset of fake news, we investigate the behaviour and thedegree of involvement of credulous users in fake news diffusion. The study aimsto: (i) fight fake news by considering the content diffused by credulous users;(ii) highlight the relationship between credulous users and fake newsspreading; (iii) target fake news detection by focusing on the analysis ofspecific accounts more exposed to malicious activities of bots. Our firstresults demonstrate a strong involvement of credulous users in fake newsdiffusion. This findings are calling for tools that, by performing datastreaming on credulous' users actions, enables us to perform targetedfact-checking.

Credulous Users and Fake News: a Real Case Study on the Propagation in Twitter