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Diagnosis of high impedance fault (HIF) is a challenge for nowadaysdistribution network protections. The fault current of a HIF is much lower thanthat of a normal load, and fault feature is significantly affected by faultscenarios. A detection and feeder identification algorithm for HIFs is proposedin this paper, based on the high-resolution and synchronous waveform data. Inthe algorithm, an interval slope is defined to describe the waveformdistortions, which guarantees a uniform feature description under various HIFnonlinearities and noise interferences. For three typical types of networkneutrals, i.e.,isolated neutral, resonant neutral, and low-resistor-earthedneutral, differences of the distorted components between the zero-sequencecurrents of healthy and faulty feeders are mathematically deduced,respectively. As a result, the proposed criterion, which is based on thedistortion relationships between zero-sequence currents of feeders and thezero-sequence voltage at the substation, is theoretically supported. 28 HIFsgrounded to various materials are tested in a 10kV distribution networkwiththree neutral types, and are utilized to verify the effectiveness of theproposed algorithm.

Detection and Feeder Identification of the High Impedance Fault at Distribution Networks Based on Synchronous Waveform Distortions