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In these notes, we do the computation of the formula giving the expression ofsolar energy received by an horizontal section of 1 square meter, relatively tothe latitude, obliquity and current day (the quantity is also proportional tothe solar flux). We also obtain the formula of energy received during one day,of day length, of the possibility, according to the latitude, to observe thesun at zenith one day in year (and in this case, the formula of the day ithappens), the possibility to observe a oplar night/day, and the time ofbeginning of these phenomenons according to the latitude. Section 1 introducethe 4 different angles which are obliquity, latitude, day and hour. We alsointroduce the corresponding rotations. In 2, we give the position of the sun inthe sky. That make able to compute the day length in 3 Following sections arepairwie independent, except 6 which relies on 5. In4, we compute for whichlatitudes it is possible to observe or not a polar day or a polar night, andgive the time of beginning and en of these lasts. In 5, we intergate betweensunrise and sunset the received solar power, which give us the quantity ofenergy received during one day. In 6, we integrate the following quantity inorder to obtain the quantity of energy received per year. In 7, we prove thatonly latitudes located between tropics can observe sun at zenith, and give thetwo instants it happens in a year. In 8 we compute the direction of sunrise andsunset, given atitude and day.

Computation of day length, amount of energy received over a day and over a year in function of latitude, date and obliquity