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Liquid infused surfaces (LIS) exhibit unique properties that make them idealcandidates for a wide range of applications, from anti-fouling and anti-icingcoatings to self-healing surfaces and controlled wetting. However, when exposedto realistic environmental conditions, LIS tend to age and progressively losetheir desirable properties, potentially compromising their application. Theassociated ageing mechanisms are still poorly understood, and resultsreflecting real-life applications are scarce. Here we track the ageing of modelLIS composed of glass surfaces functionalized with hydrophobic nanoparticlesand infused with silicone oil. The LIS are fully submerged in aqueous solutionsand exposed to acoustic pressure waves for set time intervals. The ageing ismonitored by periodic measurements of the LIS' wetting properties. We alsotrack changes to the LIS' nanoscale structure. We find that the LIS rapidlylose their slippery properties due to a combination of oil loss, smoothing ofthe nanoporous functional layer and substrate degradation when directly exposedto the solution. The oil loss is consistent with water microdroplets enteringthe oil layer and displacing oil away from the surface. These mechanisms aregeneral and could play a role in the ageing of most LIS.

The Effect of Ageing on the Structure and Properties of Model Liquid Infused Surfaces