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Proteins are key building blocks of virtually all life, providing thematerial foundation of spider silk, cells, and hair, but also offering otherfunctions from enzymes to drugs, and pathogens like viruses. Based on ananomechanical analysis of the structure and motions of atoms and molecules atmultiple scales, we report sonified versions of the coronavirus spike proteinof the pathogen of COVID-19, 2019-nCoV. The audio signal, created using a novelnanomechanical sonification method, features an overlay of the vibrationalsignatures of the protein's primary, secondary and higher-order structures.Presenting musical encoding in two versions - one in the amino-acid scale andone based on equal temperament tuning - the method allows for expressingprotein structures in audible space, offering novel avenues to represent,analyze and design architectural features across length- and time-scales. Wefurther report a hierarchical frequency spectrum analysis of five distinctprotein structures, which offer insights into how genetic mutations, and thebinding of the virus spike protein to the human ACE2 cell receptor directlyinfluence the audio. Applications of the approach may include the developmentof de novo antibodies by designing protein sequences that match, throughmelodic counterpoints, the binding sites in the spike protein. Otherapplications of audible coding of matter include material design bymanipulating sound, detecting mutations, and offering a way to reach out tobroader communities to explain the physics of proteins. It also forms aphysics-based compositional technique to create new art, referred to asmateriomusic, which is akin to finding a new palette of colors for a painter.Here, the nanomechanical structure of matter, reflected in an oscillatoryframework, presents a new palette for sound generation, and can complement orsupport human creativity.

Nanomechanical sonification of the 2019-nCoV coronavirus spike protein through a materiomusical approach