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Molecular dynamics simulations are carried out to explore the dynamicalcrossover phenomenon in strongly confined and mildly supercooled water ingraphene oxide nanopores. In contrast to studies where confinement is used tostudy the properties of bulk water, we are interested in the dynamicaltransitions for strongly confined water in the absence of any bulk-like water.The influence of the physicochemical nature of the graphene oxide surface onthe dynamical transitions is investigated by varying the extent ofhydrophobicity on the confining surfaces placed at an inter-surface separationof 10 \AA\,. All dynamical quantities show a typical slowing down as thetemperature is lowered from 298 to 200 K; however, the nature of the transitionis a distinct function of the surface type. Water confined between surfacesconsisting of alternating hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions exhibit astrong-to-strong dynamical transition in the diffusion coefficients androtational relaxation times at a crossover temperature of 237 K and show afragile-to-strong transition in the $\alpha$-relaxation time at 238 K. Theobserved crossover temperature is much higher than the freezing point of theSPC/E water model used in this study, indicating that these dynamicaltransitions can occur with mild supercooling under strong confinement in theabsence of bulk-like water. In contrast, water confined in hydrophilic poreshows a single Arrhenius energy barrier over the entire temperature range. Ourresults indicate that in addition to confinement, the nature of the surface canplay a critical role in determining the dynamical transitions for water uponsupercooling.

Dynamical Transitions of Supercooled Water in Graphene oxide Nanopores: Influence of Surface Hydrophobicity