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For two decades now, the importance of microstructure in the mechanicalbehaviour of a large collection of grains has been a topic of intense research.Many approaches have been developed to study the microstructure in granularmaterials, based on local or mesoscopic measures or using ideas from diversefields like percolation theory, complex networks and persistent homology.However, we do not fully understand the role of microstructure in themechanical behaviour of simple and commonplace packings like a pile of sand orbox of grains. Here, by characterizing the spatial variation of localmicrostructure, we uncover intriguing large-scale spatial patterns in particlepackings deposited under the influence of gravity. We detail the emergence ofthese patterns, and provide a unified fundamental explanation of classic andpuzzling mechanical behaviours of granular materials like central stressminimum and Janssen effect. Further, we show the striking dependence of spatialstructure on the history of preparation, size distribution of particles andboundary conditions. Our study reveals the existence of global spatialstructure in a locally disordered media, and elucidates its significance in themechanical behaviour of granular materials.

Spatial structure of disordered media: Unravelling the mechanical significance of disorder in granular materials