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The Fields Medal, often referred as the Nobel Prize of mathematics, isawarded to no more than four mathematician under the age of 40, every fouryears. In recent years, its conferral has come under scrutiny of mathhistorians, for rewarding the existing elite rather than its original goal ofelevating mathematicians from under-represented communities. Prior studies ofelitism focus on citational practices and sub-fields; the structural forcesthat prevent equitable access remain unclear. Here we show the flow of elitemathematicians between countries and lingo-ethnic identity, using networkanalysis and natural language processing on 240,000 mathematicians and theiradvisor-advisee relationships. We found that the Fields Medal helped integrateJapan after WWII, through analysis of the elite circle formed around FieldsMedalists. Arabic, African, and East Asian identities remain under-representedat the elite level. Through analysis of inflow and outflow, we rebuts the myththat minority communities create their own barriers to entry. Our resultsdemonstrate concerted efforts by international academic committees, such asprize-giving, are a powerful force to give equal access. We anticipate ourmethodology of academic genealogical analysis can serve as a useful diagnosticfor equality within academic fields.

Elitism in Mathematics and Inequality