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With the emergence of new applications (e.g., extended reality and haptics),which require to be simultaneously served not just with low latency andsufficient reliability, but also with high spectral efficiency, future networks(i.e., 6G) should be capable of meeting this demand by introducing neweffective transmission designs. Motivated by this, a novel modulation techniquetermed as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing with subcarrier powermodulation (OFDM-SPM) is proposed for providing highly spectral-efficient datatransmission with low-latency and less-complexity for future 6G wirelesscommunication systems. OFDM-SPM utilizes the power of subcarriers in OFDMblocks as a third dimension to convey extra information bits while reducingboth complexity and latency compared to conventional schemes. In this paper,the concept of OFDM-SPM is introduced and its validity as a future adoptedmodulation technique is investigated over a wireless multipath Rayleigh fadingchannel. The proposed system structure is explained, an analytical expressionof the bit error rate (BER) is derived, and numerical simulations of BER andthroughput performances of OFDM-SPM are carried out. OFDM-SPM is found togreatly enhance the spectral efficiency where it is capable of doubling it.Additionally, OFDM-SPM introduces negligible complexity to the system, does notexhibit error propagation, reduces the transmission delay, and decreases thetransmission power by half.

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing With Subcarrier Power Modulation for Doubling the Spectral Efficiency of 6G and Beyond Networks