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We study the impact of virtual axions on the polarization of photons inside acavity during the interaction of high-power laser pulses. A novel detectionscheme for measuring the axion-induced ellipticity signal during theLight-by-Light (LBL) scattering process is investigated. We show that amomentum exchange between photons in a probe laser beam and a high-intensitytarget beam may lead to a resonance at the physical mass of the axion.Consequently, the resonant enhancement of vacuum birefringence gives rise to alarge ellipticity signal. This signal enhancement can be applied in order todiscriminate between the axion contribution to LBL scattering and the standardmodel contribution due to electron-positron pairs. The sensitivity of thescheme is studied for experimentally feasible probe light sources and ultrahighintensity laser backgrounds. It is shown that this technique has the potentialto probe the QCD axion in the mass range $10^{-2} \textrm{eV} \lesssim m_{a}\lesssim 1 \textrm{eV}$. In this region the axion induced signal surpasses thestandard model background.

Light by Light Scattering as a New Probe for Axions