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Ductile metals undergo a considerable amount of plastic deformation beforefailure. Void nucleation, growth and coalescence is the mechanism of failure insuch metals. {\alpha}/{\beta} titanium alloys are ductile in nature and arewidely used for their unique set of properties like specific strength, fracturetoughness, corrosion resistance and resistance to fatigue failures. Voids inthese alloys were reported to nucleate on the phase boundaries between {\alpha}and {\beta} phase. Based on the findings of crystal plasticity finite elementmethod (CPFEM) based investigation of the void growth at the interface of{\alpha} and {\beta} phases [1], [2], a void nucleation, growth, andcoalescence model has been formulated. An existing single-phase crystalplasticity theory is extended to incorporate underlying physical mechanisms ofdeformation and failure in dual phase titanium alloys. Effects of variousfactors (stress triaxiality, Lode parameter, deformation state (equivalentstrain), and phase boundary inclination) on void nucleation, growth andcoalescence are used to formulate the constitutive model while theirinteraction with a conventional crystal plasticity theory is established. Anextensive parametric assessment of the model is carried out to quantify andunderstand the effects of the material parameters on the overall materialresponse. Performance of the proposed model is then assessed and verified bycomparing the results of the proposed model with the RVE study results.Application of the constitutive model for utilisation in the design andoptimisation of the forming process of {\alpha}/{\beta} titanium alloycomponents is also demonstrated using experimental data.

A Multiscale Constitutive Model for Metal Forming of Dual Phase Titanium Alloys by Incorporating Inherent Deformation and Failure Mechanisms