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We consider the multicast transmission of a real-time Internet of Things(IoT) system, where a server transmits time-stamped status updates to multipleIoT devices. We apply a recently proposed metric, named age of information(AoI), to capture the timeliness of the information delivery. The AoI isdefined as the time elapsed since the generation of the most recently receivedstatus update. Different from the existing studies that considered eithermulticast transmission without hard deadlines or unicast transmission with harddeadlines, we enforce a hard deadline for the service time of multicasttransmission. This is important for many emerging multicast IoT applications,where the outdated status updates are useless for IoT devices. Specifically,the transmission of a status update is terminated when either the hard deadlineexpires or a sufficient number of IoT devices successfully receive the statusupdate. We first calculate the distributions of the service time for allpossible reception outcomes at IoT devices, and then derive a closed-formexpression of the average AoI. Simulations validate the performance analysis,which reveals that: 1) the multicast transmission with hard deadlines achievesa lower average AoI than that without hard deadlines; and 2) there exists anoptimal value of the hard deadline that minimizes the average AoI.

On the Age of Information for Multicast Transmission with Hard Deadlines in IoT Systems