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Despite decades of extensive research on mechanical properties of diamond,much remains to be understood in term of plastic deformation mechanisms due tothe poor deformability at room temperature. In a recent work in AdvancedMaterials, it was claimed that room-temperature plasticity occurred in<001>-oriented single-crystal diamond nanopillars based on observation ofunrecovered deformation inside scanning electron microscope. The plasticdeformation was suggested to be mediated by a phase transition from sp3 carbonto an O8-carbon phase by molecular dynamics simulations. By comparison, ourin-situ transmission electron microscopy study reveals that theroom-temperature plasticity can be carried out by dislocation slip in both<100> and <111>-oriented diamond nanopillars. The brittle-to-ductile transitionis highly dependent on the stress state. We note that the surface structure mayplay a significant role in the deformation mechanisms as the incipientplasticity always occurs from the surface region in nanoscale diamonds.

Dislocation Slip or Phase Transformation Lead to Room-Temperature  Plasticity in Diamond: Comment on Plastic Deformation of Single-Crystal  Diamond Nanopillars