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Calcium aluminate cement (CAC), calcium carbonate (CaCO$_3$), calciumhydroxide [Ca(OH)$_2$] and calcium oxide (CaO) were investigated inalumina-based macroporous compositions for $\textit{in situ}$ formation ofhibonite (also known as CaO.6Al$_2$O$_3$ or CA$_6$). Due to its volumetricexpansion, this phase could counteract the linear shrinkage observed whenmacroporous ceramics are fired. In order to evaluate the impact of eachCa$^{2+}$ source on the physical properties, different formulations wereprocessed and characterized for their total porosity, crushing strength andlinear shrinkage. CaCO$_3$-containing samples presented high porosity and smalldimensional changes after thermal treatment. Thus, a novel composition wasformulated with $CaCO_3$ in order to result in 100 % CA$_6$ on thermodynamicequilibrium. Besides the usual properties, its $\textit{in situ}$ changes inthe hot elastic modulus ($E_{\rm in\ situ}$) and thermal conductivity ($k_{\rmeff}$), were evaluated. This composition presented promising results, as aconstant and low $k_{\rm eff}$, low linear expansion and Young modulus increaseat low temperatures. These properties make it possible to produce moreefficient insulators with better performance in service.

Impact of Distinct Ca$^{2+}$ Sources on the Physical Properties of Alumina-based Macroporous Refractories for Thermal Insulation at High Temperature