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The Toffoli gate serving as a basic building block for reversible quantumcomputation, has manifested its great potentials in improving theerror-tolerant rate in quantum communication. While current route to thecreation of Toffoli gate requires implementing sequential single- and two-qubitgates, limited by longer operation time and lower average fidelity. We developa new theoretical protocol to construct a universal $(n+1)$-qubit Toffoli gatesphere based on the Rydberg blockade mechanism, by constraining the behavior ofone central target atom with $n$ surrounding control atoms. Its merit lies inthe use of only five $\pi$ pulses independent of the control atom number $n$which leads to the overall gate time as fast as $\sim$125$n$s and the averagefidelity closing to 0.999. The maximal filling number of control atoms can beup to $n=46$, determined by the spherical diameter which is equal to theblockade radius, as well as by the nearest neighbor spacing between twotrapped-atom lattices. Taking $n=2,3,4$ as examples we comparably show the gateperformance with experimentally accessible parameters, and confirm that thegate errors mainly attribute to the imperfect blockade strength, thespontaneous atomic loss and the imperfect ground-state preparation. In contrastto an one-dimensional-array configuration it is remarkable that the sphericalatomic sample preserves a high-fidelity output against the increasing of $n$,shedding light on the study of scalable quantum simulation and entanglementwith multiple neutral atoms.

Scalability and high-efficiency of an $(n+1)$-qubit Toffoli gate sphere via blockaded Rydberg atoms