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One of the main use cases for advanced cellular networks is represented bymassive Internet-of-things (MIoT), i.e., an enormous number of IoT devices thattransmit data toward the cellular network infrastructure. To make cellular MIoTa reality, data transfer and control procedures specifically designed for thesupport of IoT are needed. For this reason, 3GPP has introduced the ControlPlane Cellular IoT optimization, which foresees a simplified bearerinstantiation, with the Mobility Management Entity (MME) handling both controland data traffic. The performance of the MME has therefore become critical, andproperly scaling its computational capability can determine the ability of thewhole network to tackle MIoT effectively. In particular, consideringvirtualized networks and the need for an efficient allocation of computingresources, it is paramount to characterize the MME performance as the MIoTtraffic load changes. We address this need by presenting compact, closed-formexpressions linking the number of IoT sources with the rate at which bearersare requested, and such a rate with the delay incurred by the IoT data. We showthat our analysis, supported by testbed experiments and verified throughlarge-scale simulations, represents a valuable tool to make effective scalingdecisions in virtualized cellular core networks.

Characterizing Delay and Control Traffic of the Cellular MME with IoT Support