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Objective: Skin stretching around the forehead wrinkles is an importantmethod in rhytidectomy. Proper parameters are required to evaluate the surgicaleffect. In this paper, a simulation method was proposed to obtain theparameters. Methods: Three-dimensional point cloud data with a resolution of 50{\mu}m were employed. First, a smooth supporting contour under the wrinkledforehead was generated via b-spline interpolation and extrapolation toconstrain the deformation of the wrinkled zone. Then, based on the vectorformed intrinsic finite element (VFIFE) algorithm, the simulation wasimplemented in Matlab for the deformation of wrinkled forehead skin in thestretching process. Finally, the stress distribution and the residual wrinklesof forehead skin were employed to evaluate the surgical effect. Results:Although the residual wrinkles are similar when forehead wrinkles are finitelystretched, their stress distribution changes greatly. This indicates that thestress distribution in the skin is effective to evaluate the surgical effect,and the forehead wrinkles are easily to be overstretched, which may lead topotential skin injuries. Conclusion: The simulation method can predict stressdistribution and residual wrinkles after forehead wrinkle stretching surgery,which can be potentially used to control the surgical process and furtherreduce risks of skin injury.

Simulation of Skin Stretching around the Forehead Wrinkles in Rhytidectomy