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Birth rates have dramatically decreased and, with continuous improvements inlife expectancy, pension expenditure is on an irreversibly increasing path.This will raise serious concerns for the sustainability of the public pensionsystems usually financed on a pay-as-you-go (PAYG) basis where currentcontributions cover current pension expenditure. With this in mind, the aim ofthis paper is to propose a mixed pension system that consists of a combinationof a classical PAYG scheme and an increase of the contribution rate invested ina funding scheme. The investment of the funding part is designed so that thePAYG pension system is financially sustainable at a particular level ofprobability and at the same time provide some gains to individuals. In thissense, we make the individuals be an active part to face the demographic risksinherent in the PAYG and re-establish its financial sustainability.

Transforming public pensions: A mixed scheme with a credit granted by the state