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Nonsuspended sediment transport (NST) refers to the sediment transport regimein which the flow turbulence is unable to support the weight of transportedgrains. It occurs in fluvial environments (i.e., driven by a stream of liquid)and in aeolian environments (i.e., wind-blown) and plays a key role in shapingsedimentary landscapes of planetary bodies. NST is a highly fluctuatingphysical process because of turbulence, surface inhomogeneities, and variationsof grain size and shape and packing geometry. Furthermore, the energy oftransported grains varies strongly due to variations of their flow exposureduration since their entrainment from the bed. In spite of such variability, wehere propose a deterministic model that represents the entire grain motion,including grains that roll and/or slide along the bed, by a periodic saltationmotion with rebound laws that describe an average rebound of a grain aftercolliding with the bed. The model simultaneously captures laboratory and fieldmeasurements and discrete element method (DEM)-based numerical simulations ofthe threshold and rate of equilibrium NST within a factor of about 2, unifyingweak and intense transport conditions in oil, water, and air (oil only forthreshold). The model parameters have not been adjusted to these measurementsbut determined from independent data sets. Recent DEM-based numericalsimulations (Comola, Gaume, et al., 2019, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL082195)suggest that equilibrium aeolian NST on Earth is insensitive to the strength ofcohesive bonds between bed grains. Consistently, the model captures cohesivewindblown sand and windblown snow conditions despite not explicitly accountingfor cohesion.

Unified model of sediment transport threshold and rate across weak and intense subaqueous bedload, windblown sand, and windblown snow