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We characterize the rate achievable in a bidirectional quasi-static linkwhere several user equipments communicate with a massive multiple-inputmultiple-output base station (BS). In the considered setup, the BS operates infull-digital mode, the physical size of the antenna array is limited, and thereexists a rate constraint on the fronthaul interface connecting the (possiblyremote) radio head to the digital baseband processing unit. Our analysisenables us to determine the optimal resolution of the analog-to-digital anddigital-to-analog converters as well as the optimal number of active antennaelements to be used in order to maximize the transmission rate on thebidirectional link, for a given constraint on the outage probability and on thefronthaul rate. We investigate both the case in which perfect channel-stateinformation is available, and the case in which channel-state information isacquired through pilot transmission, and is, hence, imperfect. For the secondcase, we present a novel rate expression that relies on the generalizedmutual-information framework.

All-Digital Massive MIMO Uplink and Downlink Rates under a Fronthaul Constraint