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High percentage of voltage harmonics has been observed in transmissionnetworks due to harmonic currents penetrated from the load side amplified byresonant conditions. This requires the use of suitable harmonic filters intransmission networks. However, filter placement in a transmission system forharmonic mitigation is a planning procedure of high complexity. Since filterplacement discounting the overall system response may deteriorate harmonicconditions at remote buses due to frequency characteristics alteration. Thestochastic behavior of harmonic loads demands adequate models and calculations.The interlinked topology of a transmission system also necessitates anextensive system-wide study. This paper presents an analytical methodology fordetermining the appropriate number, location, and parameters of C-Type passivefilters in a transmission system to improve the overall harmonic condition. Theproposed strategy targets minimizing the expected value of a system-wide indexgiven the stochastic behavior of loads, while limiting the 95th percentiles ofvoltage distortions to the standard levels prescribed by IEEE Std. 519 andsatisfying the fundamental power flow constraints. A restricted hierarchicaldirect search algorithm is utilized to find the near global solution whosesubsets are also effective. The performance of the proposed approach isevaluated on the IEEE 118-bus test system and its validity is checked by MonteCarlo simulations and compared with harmonic modal analysis.

An Analytical Strategy for Passive Harmonic Filter Placement in  Transmission Systems with Stochastic Aggregate Load Models Considering  Resonant Conditions